The majority of child casualties verified in 2022 (67 percent) were caused by explosive remnants of war (ERW). In 2022, the UN verified 202 grave violations against children in Iraq, and as of December 2022, 936 children remained in detention on national security-related charges, including actual or alleged association with armed groups. The Popular Mobilization Forces (PMF) have been delisted for recruitment and use, “conditional upon the finalization of all pending action plan activities and the continued absence of recruitment and use of children.” In September, the SG is expected to report on UNAMI, pursuant to SCR 2682 (2023) and, in the same month, UNITAD’s mandate will be up for renewal, per SCR 2651 (2022). To better monitor, prevent, and end these attacks, the United Nations Security Council has identified and condemned six grave violations against children in times of war: Killing and maiming of children recruitment or use of children in armed forces and armed groups attacks on schools or hospitals rape or other grave sexual violence abduction of children and denial of humanitarian access for children.Da’esh is listed in the annexes of the Secretary-General’s (SG) latest annual report ( S/2023/363) on children and armed conflict (CAAC) for all five “trigger” violations against children. However, from widespread killing, maiming, abduction and sexual violence to recruitment into and use by armed forces and armed groups and attacks on schools and hospitals, as well as essential water facilities – children living in conflict zones around the world continue to come under attack on a shocking scale.
Armed forces and armed groups are required by international humanitarian law to take measures to protect civilians, including children, who are particularly vulnerable during times of armed conflict. Children affected by armed conflict must at all times be protected.
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